{"id":3548,"date":"2017-10-16T14:41:00","date_gmt":"2017-10-16T12:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/?p=3548"},"modified":"2026-08-11T17:07:44","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T15:07:44","slug":"historia-videohier-2-diel-zabavne-magicke-krabicky-prichadzaju","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/2017\/10\/16\/historia-videohier-2-diel-zabavne-magicke-krabicky-prichadzaju\/","title":{"rendered":"Hist\u00f3ria videohier 2. diel: Z\u00e1bavn\u00e9 magick\u00e9 krabi\u010dky prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V prvej \u010dasti n\u00e1\u0161ho \u0161peci\u00e1lu, venovan\u00e9mu hist\u00f3rii videohier sme sa venovali obdobiu, ktor\u00e9 len pomaly nazna\u010dovalo, ak\u00fd v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 odvetvie prenikne do z\u00e1bavn\u00e9ho priemyslu. Koncom \u0161es\u0165desiatych rokov u\u017e existovali nielen prv\u00e9 hry, ale aj prv\u00e9 zariadenia, ktor\u00e9 boli vytvoren\u00e9 s \u00famyslom poskytn\u00fa\u0165 v\u00fdhradne z\u00e1bavu. Prakticky u\u017e vtedy sa hry rozdelili do dvoch kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed. Tie, ktor\u00e9 sa dali hra\u0165 len na zlo\u017eit\u00fdch a prive\u013ek\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch tej doby a tie, ktor\u00e9 sa vytv\u00e1rali \u0161peci\u00e1lne pre hern\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, ur\u010den\u00e9 pre \u0161irok\u00fa verejnos\u0165.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(1972 \u2013 1975) Pong kra\u013euje<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Av\u0161ak dnes tak \u010dasto spom\u00ednan\u00e1 rivalita medzi hr\u00e1\u010dmi na po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch a medzi konzolistami za\u010diatkom 70. rokov e\u0161te neexistovala. Stoln\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de boli \u010dasto komplikovan\u00e9, ve\u013ek\u00e9 a okrem z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtov neposkytovali be\u017en\u00e9mu u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eovi takmer \u017eiadny pr\u00ednos a z\u00e1bavu. Naproti tomu v\u0161ak hern\u00e9 zariadenia, ur\u010den\u00e9 pre masov\u00fd trh boli ove\u013ea men\u0161ie a v\u00fdkonnej\u0161ie, ke\u010f\u017ee boli skon\u0161truovan\u00e9 v\u00fdhradne na hladk\u00fd beh distribuovan\u00fdch videohier. Ke\u010f\u017ee ani stoln\u00e9 minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010de im nemohli v\u00f4bec konkurova\u0165 a o ve\u013ek\u00fdch univerzitn\u00fdch ani nehovoriac, naz\u00fdva sa toto obdobie ako \u201ezlat\u00e1 \u00e9ra telev\u00edznych hern\u00fdch konzol\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V minulej \u010dasti sme skon\u010dili vo chv\u00edli, kedy Ralph Baer za\u010d\u00edna realizova\u0165 svoju prevratn\u00fa my\u0161lienku, \u017ee by telev\u00edzna obrazovka mohla sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 nielen k pr\u00edjmaniu TV vysielania ale aj k interakt\u00edvnym hr\u00e1m. Jeho odv\u00e1\u017eny n\u00e1pad, ktor\u00fd \u00fadajne poch\u00e1dza e\u0161te z roku 1951, v\u0161ak bol vtedy odmietnut\u00fd. A\u017e v roku 1966 ho znovu pon\u00faka nov\u00e9mu zamestn\u00e1vate\u013eovi \u2013 firme Sanders Associates. V\u00fdsledkom je prv\u00e1 hern\u00e1 konzola na svete pod n\u00e1zvom Magnavox Odyssey. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"612\" src=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-2-obrazok-1-190-1024x612.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3542\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-2-obrazok-1-190-1024x612.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-2-obrazok-1-190-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-2-obrazok-1-190-768x459.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-2-obrazok-1-190.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V roku 1971 vytv\u00e1raj\u00fa Nolan Bushnell a Ted Dabney nov\u00fa ark\u00e1dovou verziu hry Spacewar, ktor\u00fa sme spom\u00ednali v prvej \u010dasti n\u00e1\u0161ho \u010dl\u00e1nku a premenov\u00e1vaj\u00fa ju na Computer Space.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hra sa nestretne s ve\u013ek\u00fdm ohlasom ale samotn\u00fd Bushnell v janu\u00e1ri 1972 nav\u0161tevuje verejn\u00fa uk\u00e1\u017eku konzole Odyssey, kde si zahr\u00e1 aj hru Ping-Pong. \u00dadajne sa o nej vyjadruje ako o nudnej a neorigin\u00e1lnej, ale ke\u010f po p\u00e1r mesiacoch zaklad\u00e1 firmu Atari , spomenie si na \u0148u. Prv\u00e9 zariadenie, ktor\u00e9 vyv\u00edja firma Atari, je hrac\u00ed automat s n\u00e1zvom Pong, na ktorom sa d\u00e1 hra\u0165 jedin\u00fd titul s rovnomenn\u00fdm n\u00e1zvom. Pong je pritom iba \u010dist\u00e1 k\u00f3pia konzoly Magnavox Odyssey, ale Bushnellovi to v\u00f4bec neprek\u00e1\u017ea a vyd\u00e1va ho za p\u00f4vodn\u00fd v\u00fdtvor Atari. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dne, predaje id\u00fa v\u010faka jednoduchosti a nen\u00e1ro\u010dnosti hry na \u201edra\u010dku\u201c a zlat\u00e1 \u00e9ra nielen pre Atari sa m\u00f4\u017ee naplno rozbehn\u00fa\u0165. Firma pred\u00e1va celkovo 19 000 hern\u00fdch automatov Pong, a takmer okam\u017eite za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa t\u00fato hru imitova\u0165 aj in\u00ed v\u00fdrobcovia. Presne takto za\u010d\u00edna najm\u00e4 v USA obrovsk\u00e1 popularita hern\u00fdch automatov na mince, ktor\u00e1 n\u00e1sledne trv\u00e1 takmer e\u0161te \u010fal\u0161ie dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Princ\u00edp Pongu bol inak zalo\u017een\u00fd na stolnom tenise a dvaja hr\u00e1\u010di v \u0148om ovl\u00e1daj\u00fa zvisl\u00fa \u010diarku, pohybuj\u00facu sa v bu\u010f v hornej alebo dolnej \u010dasti obrazovky. Spom\u00ednanou \u010diarkou musia odr\u00e1\u017ea\u0165 bodku, ktor\u00e1 sa n\u00e1sledne odraz\u00ed na stranu druh\u00e9ho hr\u00e1\u010da. Hra takto pokra\u010duje a\u017e do momentu, kedy jeden z hr\u00e1\u010dov bodku (lopti\u010dku) nedok\u00e1\u017ee vr\u00e1ti\u0165. A\u017e do roku 1975 sa v\u0161ak Atari Pong dal hra\u0165 prakticky len na ve\u013ek\u00fdch mincov\u00fdch automatoch. Potom bola predstaven\u00e1 jeho dom\u00e1ca verzia s n\u00e1zvom Home Pong, ktor\u00e1 sa dala doma pripoji\u0165 k TV. Jednoduchos\u0165, z\u00e1bava, mo\u017enos\u0165 hra\u0165 so \u017eiv\u00fdm oponentom v pohodl\u00ed dom\u00e1cej ob\u00fdva\u010dky. To boli hlavn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody a tromfy tohto prudko rozv\u00edjaj\u00faceho sa priemyslu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Pong - Video Game Console\/TV Game Commercial 1976\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/uCqIkgFKHr4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"620\" src=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-158-1024x620.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-158-1024x620.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-158-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-158-768x465.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-158.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(1972 -1976) Program\u00e1tori sa e\u0161te skr\u00fdvaj\u00fa za sc\u00e9nou<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Av\u0161ak aj v\u00fdvoj hier pre ve\u013ek\u00e9 univerzitn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de sa v prvej polovici 70. rokov za\u010dal roz\u0161irova\u0165. Je to pozoruhodn\u00e9 najm\u00e4 z toho d\u00f4vodu, \u017ee a\u017e do polovice 70. rokov pracovali hern\u00ed program\u00e1tori prakticky zadarmo. Na rozdiel od v\u00fdvoj\u00e1rov na dom\u00e1ce hern\u00e9 konzoly im jedinou odmenou bolo uznanie priate\u013eov. A pr\u00e1ve o vtedaj\u0161\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch hr\u00e1ch sa toho vie ve\u013emi m\u00e1lo, preto\u017ee sa hrali na r\u00f4znych pofid\u00e9rnych strojoch, ktor\u00e9 sa u\u017e d\u00e1vno nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa. Samotn\u00e9 hry boli ulo\u017een\u00e9 na u\u017e d\u00e1vno po\u0161koden\u00fdch, alebo neexistuj\u00facich magnetof\u00f3nov\u00fdch p\u00e1skach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"615\" src=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-148-1024x615.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3544\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-148-1024x615.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-148-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-148-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-148.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V tej dobe existovali v americkom po\u010d\u00edta\u010dovom priemysle minim\u00e1lne dve ve\u013ek\u00e9 distribu\u010dn\u00e9 siete pre \u0161tudentov-program\u00e1torov. T\u00ed ich samozrejme za\u010dali vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo aj na tvorbu hier. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 \u0161kola mala obvykle pr\u00edstup iba k jedn\u00e9mu typu hardwaru a jednej k t\u00fdchto siet\u00ed. Jednou z nich bola aj Digital Equipment Corporation. V 70. rokoch boli jej stanice PDP (najm\u00e4 PDP 10 ) a VAX najpopul\u00e1rnej\u0161\u00edmi minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010dmi pre vedeck\u00e9 a in\u017einierske \u00fa\u010dely. Ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 dnes u\u017e zabudnut\u00fdch a straten\u00fdch hier vznikla pr\u00e1ve v\u010faka tejto sieti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1972 \u2013 1973) Zober ma do ruky a hraj sa \u2013 Prenosn\u00e9 videohry Je vskutku zauj\u00edmav\u00e9, ako prudko sa rozbehol v\u00fdvoj vo v\u0161etk\u00fdch oblastiach, preto\u017ee u\u017e v roku 1972 bola predstaven\u00e1 aj prv\u00e1 prenosn\u00e1 hra (handheld). Naz\u00fdvala sa Tic Tac Toe (Pi\u0161kvorky). Displej ako ho pozn\u00e1me dnes, v\u0161ak e\u0161te nemala a predn\u00e1 strana prin\u00e1\u0161ala iba ak\u00fasi mrie\u017eku deviatych tla\u010didiel, ktor\u00e9 po stla\u010den\u00ed menili farbu z \u010dervenej na zelen\u00fa. Ako t\u00e1to raritn\u00e1 prenosn\u00e1 konzola vyzerala, vid\u00edte na prilo\u017eenom obr\u00e1zku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-1-139-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3545\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-1-139-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-1-139-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-1-139-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-1-139.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Av\u0161ak u\u017e v roku 1976 vytvorila firma Mattel v\u00f4bec prv\u00fa prenosn\u00fa hru, kde sa obraz zobrazoval na LED displeji. Naz\u00fdvala sa Mattel Auto-Race a zaberala dnes len neuverite\u013en\u00fdch 512 bitov pam\u00e4te. Ne\u010dudo, ke\u010f\u017ee zobrazenie aut\u00ed\u010diek nemohlo by\u0165 primit\u00edvnej\u0161ie, ako tie\u017e vidie\u0165 na obr\u00e1zku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-2-18-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3546\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-2-18-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-2-18-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-2-18-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-5-obrazok-2-18.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O nie\u010do nesk\u00f4r tie\u017e firma Mattel vydala hru Football I; ktorej sa predalo vy\u0161e mili\u00f3n kusov. To bolo jasn\u00e9 znamenie, \u017ee popularita prenosn\u00fdch hern\u00fdch konzol m\u00e1 bud\u00facnos\u0165. Hry na princ\u00edpe LED boli popul\u00e1rne a\u017e do ran\u00fdch 80. rokov, kedy kone\u010dne za\u010dali by\u0165 postupne nahr\u00e1dzan\u00e9 kvalitnej\u0161\u00edmi a u\u017e cenovo dostupnej\u0161\u00edmi LCD displejmi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To sa v\u0161ak u\u017e dost\u00e1vame do druhej polovice 70. rokov, kedy sa po\u010det hier zvy\u0161oval do takej mieri, \u017ee sa za\u010dali deli\u0165 aj pod\u013ea \u017e\u00e1nrov (RPG, pretek\u00e1rske a podobne) Najm\u00e4 v\u0161ak na tento trh vtrhli \u010fal\u0161ie spolo\u010dnosti in\u0161pirovan\u00e9 \u00faspechom firmy Atari, ako napr\u00edklad japonsk\u00e9 Taito. Vydan\u00edm legend\u00e1rnej hry Space Invaders v roku 1978 pr\u00e1ve Taito na\u010dalo v USA skuto\u010dn\u00fd zlat\u00fd vek hern\u00fdch automatov. Hra toti\u017e inspirovala desiatky \u010fal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobcov ku vstupu na tento trh. Tomuto rozkvetu sa v\u0161ak budeme bli\u017e\u0161ie venova\u0165 a\u017e v \u010fal\u0161ej \u010dasti n\u00e1\u0161ho \u0161peci\u00e1lu o hist\u00f3rii videohier.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V prvej \u010dasti n\u00e1\u0161ho \u0161peci\u00e1lu, venovan\u00e9mu hist\u00f3rii videohier sme sa venovali obdobiu, ktor\u00e9 len pomaly&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":3541,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_somgeek_review_score":0,"_somgeek_review_verdict":"","_somgeek_review_pros":"","_somgeek_review_cons":"","footnotes":"","somgeek_article_title_size":"small","somgeek_article_title_font":"roboto-condensed","somgeek_article_body_font":"default"},"categories":[4],"tags":[268],"class_list":["post-3548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clanky","tag-historia-videohier"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3548"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5484,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3548\/revisions\/5484"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}