{"id":3554,"date":"2017-11-11T14:41:00","date_gmt":"2017-11-11T12:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/?p=3554"},"modified":"2026-08-11T17:36:31","modified_gmt":"2026-08-11T15:36:31","slug":"historia-videohier-3-diel-zrod-novych-legiend","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/2017\/11\/11\/historia-videohier-3-diel-zrod-novych-legiend\/","title":{"rendered":"Hist\u00f3ria videohier 3. diel: Zrod nov\u00fdch legiend"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V minulej \u010dasti n\u00e1\u0161ho \u0161peci\u00e1lu o hist\u00f3rii videohier sme op\u00edsali, ako sa videohern\u00fd priemysel za\u010dal v prvej polovici 70. rokov pomaly rozv\u00edja\u0165. Videohry za\u010dali op\u00fa\u0161\u0165a\u0165 obrovsk\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de, ktor\u00e9 boli dostupn\u00e9 len \u0161tudentom a vedcom. Dokonca sa za\u010dali dost\u00e1va\u0165 aj na telev\u00edzne obrazovky be\u017en\u00fdch Ameri\u010danov. Po \u00faspechu, ktor\u00fd zaznamenala firma ATARI so svoj\u00edm automatom Pong sa videohern\u00e9mu priemyslu za\u010dali venova\u0165 aj in\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti. Toto logicky sp\u00f4sobilo, \u017ee videohry sa rozv\u00edjali viacer\u00fdmi smermi a hry sa za\u010dali deli\u0165 na r\u00f4zne \u017e\u00e1nre.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1971 -1974 \u2013 Rodia sa \u017e\u00e1nre<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jeden z americk\u00fdch \u0161tudentov Don Daglow v roku 1971 na princ\u00edpe Pongu vytvoril hru Baseball, ktor\u00e1 je pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za prv\u00fa skuto\u010dn\u00fa \u0161portov\u00fa hru. Novinkou bolo, \u017ee hra obsahovala mo\u017enos\u0165 turnaja, okrem toho, \u017ee sa dal hra\u0165 i individu\u00e1lny z\u00e1pas. Experimentovanie s nov\u00fdmi mo\u017enos\u0165ami a v\u00fdvoj hier sa v\u0161ak e\u0161te len za\u010d\u00ednal. U\u017e v nasleduj\u00facom roku \u010fal\u0161\u00ed americk\u00fd \u0161tudent Jim Bowery vytvoril hru Hunt the Wumpus , kde hr\u00e1\u010d prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t nenah\u00e1\u0148al \u017eiadnu guli\u010dku, ale jeho \u00falohou bolo skr\u00fdva\u0165 sa a h\u013eada\u0165. Niektor\u00ed ju dokonca pova\u017euj\u00fa za predchodcu \u017e\u00e1nra advent\u00far. V roku 1974 sa dokonca objavuj\u00fa prv\u00e9 pokusy o 3D FPS hry. Za tak\u00e9to hry sa pova\u017euj\u00fa tituly ako Maze War a Spasim . Za zmienku ur\u010dite stoj\u00ed aj hra Airfight, ktor\u00e1 je zase pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za prv\u00fd 3D leteck\u00fd simul\u00e1tor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konkr\u00e9tne hra Maze War, ktor\u00e1, okrem toho, \u017ee je pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za prv\u00fa sie\u0165ov\u00fa hru v\u00f4bec, v\u00fdrazne ovplyvnila neskor\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdvoj \u017e\u00e1nru RPG. Hr\u00e1\u010d v nej prech\u00e1dzal bludiskom, ktor\u00e9 bolo rozdelen\u00e9 na \u0161tvor\u010dekov\u00e9 pole. Mohol sa pohybova\u0165 dopredu a dozadu, alebo ot\u00e1\u010da\u0165 v prav\u00fdch uhloch doprava a do\u013eava. Hr\u00e1\u010di mohli po sebe navz\u00e1jom strie\u013ea\u0165 a za zastrelenie protihr\u00e1\u010da z\u00edskavali body, k\u00fdm za svoju smr\u0165 ich naopak str\u00e1cali. P\u00f4vodn\u00fd koncept nap\u00edsal Steve Colley priamo v NASA na po\u010d\u00edta\u010di Imlac PDS-1 . P\u00f4vodn\u00fdm konceptom bola jednoduch\u00e1 navig\u00e1cia v bludisku, v grafickom zobrazen\u00ed 16 \u00d7 16 bitov. Je to jeden z \u010fal\u0161\u00edch pr\u00edpadov, kedy sa program\u00e1tori nudili a vytvorili hru, aby sa navz\u00e1jom zabavili prech\u00e1dzan\u00edm bludiska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ako to konkr\u00e9tne vyzeralo, m\u00f4\u017eete vidie\u0165 na tomto videu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Maze War (1973) \u2013 The First First-Person Shooter Ever\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NgpdX7BNI-k?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Av\u0161ak za \u00faplne prv\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 RPG je pova\u017eovan\u00e1 hra Dungeon , ktor\u00fa naprogramoval Don Daglow v roku 1975. Vych\u00e1dzala z vtedy popul\u00e1rneho konceptu Dungeons &amp; Dragons a prin\u00e1\u0161ala viacero inovat\u00edvnych prvkov, ako napr\u00edklad rozdiely medzi rasami ako elfovia a trpasl\u00edci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za zmienku ur\u010dite stoj\u00ed textov\u00fd simul\u00e1tor leteck\u00fdch bitiek s n\u00e1zvom Air, ktor\u00fd v roku 1977 vytvorili Kelton Flinn a John Taylor. V tom istom roku vznikla aj hra Zork, ktor\u00e1 prakticky od\u0161tartovala ve\u013ek\u00fa popularitu textov\u00fdch advent\u00far. Potenci\u00e1l nov\u00fdch osobn\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov, ktor\u00e9 pri\u0161li na trh koncom 70. rokov tvorcovia tejto hry naplno vyu\u017eili a zalo\u017eili cel\u00e9 vydavate\u013estvo Infocom , ktor\u00e9 sa venovalo v\u00fdhradne tomuto \u017e\u00e1nru. V tej dobe v\u0161ak u\u017e mnoh\u00ed program\u00e1tori c\u00edtili obrovsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l aj v po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch, ktor\u00e9 boli spojen\u00e9 sie\u0165ou. Toto ich odli\u0161ovalo od dom\u00e1cich konzol\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 boli bezn\u00e1dejne off-line. V\u0161etky spom\u00ednan\u00e9 hry boli vytv\u00e1ran\u00e9 na minipo\u010d\u00edta\u010doch s\u00e9rie PDP , ktor\u00e9 dominovali po\u010das cel\u00fdch 70. rokov. Bohu\u017eia\u013e, vtedaj\u0161\u00ed hardware e\u0161te nedovo\u013eoval rozvoj tohto typu hier. Ka\u017edop\u00e1dne, v\u00fdrazne rozdiely medzi hran\u00edm na po\u010d\u00edta\u010doch a dom\u00e1cich konzol\u00e1ch sa za\u010dali rysova\u0165 u\u017e v tej dobe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" src=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-159-1024x614.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3551\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-159-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-159-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-159-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-3-obrazok-1-159.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(1977-1980) Druh\u00e1 gener\u00e1cia videohern\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov preber\u00e1 vl\u00e1du<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po spom\u00ednanom obrovskom \u00faspechu hry Pong od firmy ATARI sa vrhaj\u00fa na trh aj \u010fal\u0161ie firmy a za\u010d\u00edna skuto\u010dn\u00fd rozmach videohern\u00e9ho priemyslu. \u00daspech zabezpe\u010dil syst\u00e9m cartridge , ktor\u00fd umo\u017enil, \u017ee na dom\u00e1com hernom zariaden\u00ed sa dali hra\u0165 aj viacer\u00e9 hry, nielen jedna, ako bolo u Pongu. Hry u\u017e tak mohli by\u0165 vkladan\u00e9 z pam\u00e4\u0165ov\u00e9ho m\u00e9dia a konzument si mohol zhroma\u017e\u010fova\u0165 cel\u00e9 knihovne hier, ktor\u00e9 boli distribuovan\u00e9 na cartrige. Programy u\u017e neboli \u010falej teda vkladan\u00e9 do \u010dipov, ale ukladan\u00e9 do pam\u00e4t\u00ed. Prv\u00e9 cartridge v\u0161ak mali pam\u00e4\u0165 iba 2k ROM, ale u\u017e \u010doskoro bola ve\u013ekos\u0165 pam\u00e4te nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 na 16kB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Prvou videohernou konzolou na svete, ktor\u00e1 bola zalo\u017een\u00e1 na cartridge, sa stala Fairchild VES , ktor\u00e1 bola uveden\u00e1 na trh v roku 1976. Takisto ATARI nemohlo zosta\u0165 pozadu a reagovalo u\u017e v nasleduj\u00facom roku 1977, ke\u010f tie\u017e vydalo svoju cartridge-konzolu nazvan\u00fa Video Computer System (VCS), ktor\u00fa nesk\u00f4r premenovali na Atari 2600 . V\u010faka v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iemu menu, ktor\u00e9 u\u017e vtedy ATARI malo, sa stalo najpred\u00e1vanej\u0161ou konzolou na trhu. V samotnom ATARI sa v\u0161ak za\u010dali prejavova\u0165 vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 rozpory a n\u00e1hle z firmy odch\u00e1dza skupina program\u00e1torov, ktor\u00fd v okt\u00f3bri 1979 zakladaj\u00fa dnes tak dobre zn\u00e1mu firmu Activision . Aj zaveden\u00fa zna\u010dku Odyssey bolo \u0161koda nevyu\u017ei\u0165 a tak v roku 1978 aj Magnavox vydal pre americk\u00fd trh svoju verziu cartridge-konzole pod n\u00e1zvom Odyssey 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"632\" src=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-149-1024x632.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3552\" srcset=\"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-149-1024x632.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-149-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-149-768x474.jpg 768w, https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/pdf-strana-4-obrazok-1-149.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Av\u0161ak v rovnakom roku, ako pri\u0161la na trh Magnavox Odyssey 2, vy\u0161la na konkuren\u010dnej konzole Atari 2600 hra Space Invaders , ktor\u00e1 zatriasla videohern\u00fdm trhom. Ke\u010f sa v roku 1978 po prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t objavila vo forme hrac\u00edch automatov, vyvolala doslova revol\u00faciu a jej v\u00fdznam je preto zrovnate\u013en\u00fd s pr\u00edchodom prvej verejne dostupnej videohry Pong. Zatia\u013e \u010do Pong predstavil videohry iba ako nov\u00fd zdroj z\u00e1bavy pre \u0161irok\u00fa verejnos\u0165, Space Invaders u\u017e reprezentoval prv\u00fa komer\u010dne \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fa hru, ktor\u00e1 doslova pohltila tis\u00edce hr\u00e1\u010dov po celom svete. V podstate m\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1to hra st\u00e1la na za\u010diatku z\u00e1vislosti na videohern\u00fdch automatoch. Ako perli\u010dku m\u00f4\u017eeme spomen\u00fa\u0165 fakt, \u017ee ke\u010f sa prv\u00e9 automaty s touto hrou objavili v j\u00fani 1978 v Japonsku, tak okam\u017eite vyvolali v celej zemi absol\u00fatny nedostatok 100 jenov\u00fdch minc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Atari 2600 Space Invaders\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/opru6qPsPa4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na konci 70. rokov sa objavuj\u00fa na trhu nov\u00e9, zase o nie\u010do v\u00fdkonnostne silnej\u0161ie konzoly Intellivision a Colecovision . Intellivision mala unik\u00e1tny procesor s pr\u00edkazmi ktor\u00e9 mali 10 bitov\u00fa \u0161\u00edrku a registre so 16 bitovou \u0161\u00edrkou. Konzola tak bola u\u017e hybridom medzi 8 bitom a nov\u00fdm 16-bitom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tieto v\u00fdkonnej\u0161ie konzoly druhej gener\u00e1cie umo\u017e\u0148ovali op\u00e4\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie grafick\u00e9 \u0161tandardy a tak sa s\u013eubne rozv\u00edjaj\u00faci priemysel mohol v 80. rokoch rozv\u00edja\u0165 e\u0161te viac. A pr\u00e1ve tomuto zauj\u00edmav\u00e9mu obdobiu sa budeme venova\u0165 v nasleduj\u00facom pokra\u010dovan\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161ho \u010dl\u00e1nku o hist\u00f3rii videohier.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V minulej \u010dasti n\u00e1\u0161ho \u0161peci\u00e1lu o hist\u00f3rii videohier sme op\u00edsali, ako sa videohern\u00fd priemysel za\u010dal&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":3550,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_somgeek_review_score":0,"_somgeek_review_verdict":"","_somgeek_review_pros":"","_somgeek_review_cons":"","footnotes":"","somgeek_article_title_size":"small","somgeek_article_title_font":"roboto-condensed","somgeek_article_body_font":"default"},"categories":[4],"tags":[268],"class_list":["post-3554","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-clanky","tag-historia-videohier"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3554"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3554\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5502,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3554\/revisions\/5502"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3550"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/somgeek.eu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}